The Science Behind Kava
Kava is a plant that has been utilized for centuries in the Pacific Islands for its therapeutic properties. The plant is native to the islands of Vanuatu, Fiji, Samoa, Micronesia, French Polynesia, Hawaii and Tonga, where people have used it in traditional ceremonies and gatherings for many years.
The active compounds in kava that are the most well studied are called kavalactones and have various effects, including relaxation and the reduction of occasional stress.
There are at least 18 distinct kavalactones. The six major kavalactones that make up more than 95% of the total kavalactone content in kava root are: kavain, dihydrokavain, methysticin, dihydromethysticin, yangonin, and desmethoxyyangonin. In particular, kavain is accountable for the anxiety-relieving effects of kava and yangonin is responsible for the pain-relieving effects of kava.
The precise mechanism of action of kavalactones has yet to be fully understood, but research suggests that they interact with various neurotransmitter systems in the brain. Kavalactones are believed to modulate the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that assists in controlling neuronal excitability. They are thought to enhance GABAergic* transmission by increasing GABA release and inhibiting GABA's reuptake or metabolism, resulting in a calming and anxiolytic effect.
People still drink kava daily in many of the Pacific Islands today. Recently, kava has evolved to become increasingly widespread in Western countries, available in miscellaneous forms, including capsules, tablets, extracts, and gummies.
Kava can effectively lower tension and promote calm feelings. Kava can also help to promote and improve sleep quality. People likewise enjoy it socially at home, in kava bars, or at ceremonies.
Research into the science behind kava is ongoing. We still need to learn much about its mechanism of action and possible applications. As with any herbal supplement, it is essential to use kava responsibly and under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
*A substance is GABAergic if it produces its effects via interactions with the GABA system